2-35 nm Silica Coated Diamond
2-35 nm Silica Coated Diamond is Irradiated with Soft X-rays and Secondary Inelastic Auger Electrons Escape!

Sandoval, Lopez, Arreola, Len and Basravi Receive Cover Art for Quantum Diamonds At The Beach in ACS Nanoscience Au

Surface chemistry of materials that host quantum bits such as diamond are an important avenue of exploration as quantum computation and quantum sensing platforms mature. Interfacing diamond in general, and nanoscale diamond (ND) in particular with silica is a potential route to integrate the quantum bit into a photonic device, fiber optic, cells or tissues with flexible functionalization chemistry. While silica growth on ND cores has been used successfully for quantum sensing and biolabeling, the surface mechanism to initiate growth was unknown. This report describes the surface chemistry responsible for silica bond formation on diamond and uses X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) to probe the diamond surface chemistry and its electronic structure with increasing silica thickness. A modified Stöber (Cigler) method was used to synthesize 2–35 nm thick shells of SiO2 onto carboxylic acid rich ND cores and the diamond features and surface structure were characterized by overlapping techniques including electron microscopy. Importantly, we discovered that SiO2 growth on carboxylated NDs eliminates the presence of carboxylic acids and that basic ethanolic solutions converts the ND surface to an alcohol-rich surface prior to silica growth. The data supports a mechanism that alcohols on the ND surface generate silyl-ether (ND-O-Si-(OH)3) bonds due to rehydroxylation by ammonium hydroxide in ethanol. Additionally, resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) maps produced by the transition edge sensor supports the chemical analysis provided by XAS. Researchers using high-pressure high temperature (HPHT) NDs or any alcohol-terminated material (metal oxides, oxidized silicon carbide or cubic-boron nitride) for quantum sensing applications may exploit these results to design new core-shell quantum sensors with base-catalyzed reactions and metal oxide precursors

Click for the SLAC article on our work

NSF LEAPS
PI-Wolcott awarded NSF grant for diamond electric field sensing

Awarded: Diamond and Nitrogen Vacancy Center Voltage Sensing Funded by NSF

Diamond has many properties that make it valuable well beyond its use as a gemstone. Notably, diamond hosts a sensitive detector of magnetic and electric fields: the nitrogen vacancy (NV) center. Such NV centers can be used to sense magnetic objects and have potential for use as quantum bits (qubits) in the quantum computers of the future. Diamond’s chemical inertness, its reluctance to change or be modified, is both a challenge and an opportunity for materials chemists, physicists and engineers. Changing chemical bonds on the surface of diamond allows for the attachment of molecular groups and anchoring points for measurement and detection. In this LEAPS-MPS project, the PI and his team will explore the surface chemistry of diamond and investigate how the light given off by the NV center changes with an applied voltage. The surface chemistry of nanoscale diamonds and the behavior of the NV center will be simultaneously examined with the long-term aim of making a more advanced quantum sensor. Undergraduate students will learn advanced chemistry and spectroscopy techniques, including use of the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource. Recruitment of talent is in collaboration with the Black Leadership and Opportunity Center (BLOC) and other student-based organizations at San Jose State University. This project will provide rigorous and wide-ranging research experiences to prepare scientists and engineers for a successful career by providing the skills to execute a research project, manage troubleshooting, prepare an impactful research presentation and build their resume for future success.

Click Link for Details on NSF award

SLAC collage Wolcott Lab
Wolcott lab at SSRL

[SSCL*SJSU]^SSRL=SUCCESS: 68 Samples, 100+ hours of beamtime, 12 Researchers, 1 PI and Dennis and Sang-Jun

Another great beamline run was realized by Surface Science Center Lab (Wolcott) researchers at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource in collaboration with Staff Scientists Dennis Nordlund and Sang-Jun Lee. Nanodiamond samples were prepared in inert conditions in a glove box and in open air conditions on gold coated silicon wafers and loaded into the ultrahigh vacuum chamber at beamline 10-1. Data was collected on the transition edge sensor and in classic total electron yield mode for Boron, Carbon, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Cobalt, Vanadium and Nickel! SSCL Researchers stayed at the Stanford Guest House and had more than 100 hours of data collection time with 68 samples ranging from nanoscale diamond to negative thermal expansion alloys. Thank you Sang-Jun and Dennis for another fantastic beamline run!! Email Prof. Wolcott about research opportunities (no experience necessary)

Check out science at SSRL and SLAC

Camron X. Stokes
Camron works in the glove box at SJSU and at beamline 8-2 at SSRL

Camron X. Stokes Receives Award from ACS Division of Colloid and Surface Chemistry

Wolcott Lab researcher and Physicist Camron X. Stokes (SJSU Fall 2021) has been awarded an undergraduate award from the American Chemical Society's Division of Colloid and Surface Chemistry!! Camron will receive his award and give an invited talk at the Fall 2022 National Conference in Chicago! Great work Camron !

See the announcement on Twitter

Melendrez, Stokes, Lopez-Rosas and Cheung publish in J. Phys Chem Letters

Melendrez, Stokes, Lopez-Rosas and Cheung Get Cover Art and Publish Nanodiamond Chemistry Paper in J. Phys Chem Letters with Stanford, SSRL, NIST, The Molecular Foundry and Czech Collaborators

Bromination of high-pressure high-temperature (HPHT) nanodiamond (ND) surfaces has not been explored and can open new avenues for increased chemical reactivity and diamond lattice covalent bond formation. The large bond dissociation energy of the diamond lattice-oxygen bond is a challenge that prevents new bonds from forming and most researchers simply use oxygen-terminated ND (alcohols and acids) as a reactive species. In this work, we transformed a tertiary alcohol-rich ND surface to an amine surface with 50% surface coverage and was limited by the initial rate of bromination. We observed that alkyl-bromide moieties are highly labile on HPHT NDs and are metastable as previously found using density functional theory. The strong leaving group properties of the alkyl-bromide intermediate were found to form diamond-nitrogen bonds at room temperature and without catalysts. This robust pathway to activate a chemically inert ND surface broadens the modalities for surface termination and the unique surface properties of brominated and aminated ND are impactful to researchers for chemically tuning diamond for quantum sensing or biolabeling applications.

Click here for article and SI

Nanodiamond in Chem VR module
Virtual Reality Nanodiamond for Chem VR

~$1M ($996,300 to be exact) NSF Grant Awarded to Prof Wolcott and colleagues at Fresno, Sonoma State and STEM-NET at the Chancellor's Office to Advance STEM equity with Virtual and Extended Reality

In a collaborative project to advance equity in STEM education, Prof. Abraham Wolcott at SJSU and colleagues from Fresno State Profs. Wei Wu and Vivien Luo,Sonoma State Profs. Sara Kassis and Dean Elizabeth Wade and Prof. Frank Gomez (STEM-NET at Chancellor's Office) received a National Science Foundation award through the division of undergraduate education. The SJSU VR Team includes Jon Oakes of the KLEVR Lab, Nanci Solomon (VR expert) , Patrick Stafford (VR expert developer) and Prof. Wolcott. The goal: Use advanced virtual reality and extended reality technology to advance STEM equity at Cal State and community colleges. The grant will assemble a faculty learning community or FLC to build the use and expertise of educators with extended reality technology. Contact Prof. Wolcott if you are a SJSU faculty member interested in VR for your classroom ($2,500 stipend)! The first cohort will include 3 SJSU, 2 Fresno State, 3 Sonoma and 2 community college faculty....

See grant details here

Diamond Surface Science, Synchrotron Radiation and the Transition Edge Sensor
Diamond Surface Science, Synchrotron Radiation and the Transition Edge Sensor

Prof. Wolcott will speak at the STEM-NET Symposia for DOD award recipients on 5/13 from 2-4 pm

Prof. Wolcott will be discussing nanoscale diamond surface chemistry, the use of the TES detector and support from the DOD. DOD support has provided for researcher travel expenses, compensation and tuition and has been a vital resource for advancing the careers and experiences of SSCL lab members. Save the date 5/13/2021 and join us! Learn more about the Department of Defense (DoD) programs, CSU awardees, and tips on successfully submitting a DoD proposal. STEM-NET promotes research, community building and innovative educational ideas across the CSU university system and provides students the skills they need to excel in the workforce of the future ​and meet the needs of California’s innovative and evolving economy.

See the recorded STEM-NET session here!

URAP 2021 !
Get fundamental research experience in nanotechnology, chemistry and physics!

Apply to the URAP Program at SJSU in the Wolcott Lab for Summer 2021!

Again, The Surface Science Center Laboratory at SJSU (Wolcott Lab) has been selected as the only Cal State University to host Undergraduate Research Apprenticeship Program (URAP) Scholars for Summer 2021! Eligibility: GPA=2.8, STEM Major, US or Naturalized Citizen and ability to commute to SJSU! Summer Stipend is $4500 for 8-10 weeks and NO research experience required. Researchers will perform work on nanoscale diamond with applications in biolabeling, biosensing, magnetometry and quantum computation. African American, Latinx, Native American and Pacific Islanders are encouraged to apply. Apply by March 15th, 2021 Contact Prof. Wolcott for additional info

Apply Here!

Spartan VR

Bringing The Nanoscale Into View: SJSU Team develops fully immersive physical chemistry experience

Prof Wolcott and a SJSU VR team developed a Virtual Reality experience with funding through the Cal State University system. Researchers Nanci Solomon, Patrick Stafford and Jon Oakes played key roles in the development and implementation of the experience!! The immersive Physical Chemistry module can be used at the KLEVR lab at MLK library or the app can be shared to you directly by contacting Prof Wolcott during the Shelter-in-place order.

Check out the full article in the Spartan Daily!

Tyanna, Daniel and Professor Wolcott pose in front of the TES detector
Tyanna Supreme, Daniel Labunsky and Professor Wolcott pose in front of the TES detector

Surface Science Center Laboratory Uses Superconducting Transition Edge Sensor

The SSCL uses the Transition Edge Sensor (TES) to detect background-free X-ray emission data on diamond surfaces for applications in magnetometry, biosensing and quantum communication. The TES is housed at beamline 10-1 at SSRL, a soft X-ray beamline capable of probing low-Z elements (B, C,N,O and F) and transition metals (Co, Zn, Ti and Fe).

Learn more about the TES detector

HRSEM data collection by Researchers Davida Simpson and Camron Stokes
Researchers perfrom HRSEM at Imaging Facility

The Molecular Foundry: DOE operated Nanoscience Center

SSCL researchers have access through a user-based proposal system to state-of-the-art instrumentation at The Molecular Foundry and here SSCL reserachers Camron Stokes and Davida Simpson image gold nanoparticle clusters on a Zeiss Ultra-55 in the Imaging and manipulation of nanostructures facility at Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, a Department of Energy Facility.

SSCL To Host URAP Scholars in Summer 2020 (Deadline Extended to March 15th!)

SSCL SELECTED AS HOST SITE FOR SUMMER 2020 RESEARCH PROGRAM! Deadline March 15th, Apply Today!

The Surface Science Center Laboratory at SJSU (Wolcott Lab) has been selected as the only Cal State University to host Undergraduate Research Apprenticeship Program (URAP) Scholars. Eligibility: GPA=2.8, STEM Major, US or Naturalized Citizen and ability to commute to SJSU! Summer Stipend is $4500 for 8-10 weeks and NO research experience required. Researchers will perform work on nanoscale diamond with applications in biolabeling, biosensing, magnetometry and quantum computation. African American, Latinx, Native American and Pacific Islanders are encouraged to apply. Apply by March 15th! Contact Prof. Wolcott for additional info

Apply Here!

SSCL researchers collect data

X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is a key technique that the SSCL uses to examine the atomic and molecular structure structure of bulk and nanoscale materials. Here SSCL researchers Grace Jeanpierre, Jocelyn Valenzuela and Cynthia Melendrez collect XPS data.

Learn more about XPS

Recruitment Seminar Monday 9/12 in Duncan Hall 505
Recruitment Seminar Monday 9/12 in Duncan Hall 505

Interested in Research? Recruitment Seminar for the Wolcott Lab Monday 9/12/2022 in Duncan Hall 5B at 5 pm!Come Learn about the Surface Science Center Lab and the use of materials science with applications in biolabeling, quantum sensing and quantum communication